China is now intensifying its political influence in Nepal, following its strategic moves in Pakistan and Bangladesh. Recently, China has entrusted former Nepal President Vidya Devi Bhandari with a crucial role — to unite Nepal’s fragmented Communist parties.

What’s Happening?

• Vidya Devi Bhandari, aligned with KP Sharma Oli’s CPN (UML) party, visited Beijing aiming to consolidate the three major communist factions in Nepal:

  1. CPN (UML) — led by KP Sharma Oli (current PM)

  2. Maoist Centre — led by Pushpa Kamal Dahal Prachanda

  3. CPN (Unified) — led by Madhav Kumar Nepal

• Nepal is scheduled for general elections in 2027, and Bhandari reportedly aspires to become the next Prime Minister.

Why Does China Want Communist Unity?

1. The current government includes Congress, which leans towards India, slowing China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) projects in Nepal.

2. The revival of monarchy sentiment threatens Communist dominance, risking a rise of right-wing parties unfavorable to China.

3. Unified communist parties would virtually eliminate other political competition, giving China easier control over Nepal’s government.

Implications for India

Nepal shares a long and open border with India, and increased Chinese influence there could shift regional power dynamics, challenge India’s traditional sphere of influence, and impact strategic projects and security.