Every summer, mango lovers eagerly wait for the arrival of the "king of fruits." Whether enjoyed as juicy slices, refreshing shakes, pickles, or tangy chutneys, mangoes hold a special place in Indian homes. To celebrate this beloved fruit and spread awareness about its cultural, nutritional, and economic importance, National Mango Day is observed every year on July 22.

India's relationship with mangoes dates back nearly 5,000 years, making it one of the oldest cultivated fruits in the country. Today, India is the world's largest producer of mangoes, contributing nearly half of the global mango production. With hundreds of varieties grown across different states, mangoes have become an integral part of India's food culture and agricultural heritage.

How Did the Mango Get Its Name?

Historians believe that mango cultivation began in South Asia, with early cultivation taking place in India's northeastern region. In South India, the fruit was known by names such as "Manga" and "Aamkay." When Portuguese traders arrived in India in 1498, they adopted the word "manga," which gradually evolved into the English word "mango." Over the centuries, the fruit gained popularity across the world because of its rich flavour and aroma.

Why Is Mango India's National Fruit?

Mango is recognised as India's national fruit because of its deep cultural significance, wide cultivation, and incredible diversity. Almost every region of the country grows its own unique variety. Some of the most famous include Alphonso from Maharashtra, Dussehri from Uttar Pradesh, Kesar from Gujarat, Himsagar from West Bengal, Banganapalli from Andhra Pradesh, and Zardalu from Bihar. Kerala's Kannur district is also known for preserving nearly 200 indigenous mango varieties.

The Story Behind the Name 'Langra'

One of India's most popular mango varieties is the Langra mango, known for its sweet flavour with a slight tang. According to a popular local legend, this variety was first cultivated by a farmer who had a physical disability. As the mango became famous, people began referring to it as the "Langra" mango after its grower. While this story is widely shared, historians note that there is no definitive historical evidence confirming its authenticity.

How Did 'Chausa' Mango Get Its Name?

The Chausa mango is believed to have been named after the historic Battle of Chausa, fought in 1539 between Sher Shah Suri and Mughal emperor Humayun in present-day Bihar. According to historical accounts, Sher Shah Suri celebrated his victory by enjoying a particular variety of mango, which later came to be known as Chausa. Today, it remains one of the most popular mango varieties in northern India.

Mangoes Have a Rich History

Mango cultivation flourished during the Mughal era, when rulers encouraged the planting of orchards across the country. Several well-known varieties gained popularity during this period, and by the 18th century, mangoes had reached many parts of the world through trade. Their unique taste and aroma soon made them a favourite in several countries.

National Mango Day is more than just a celebration of a delicious fruit. It is an opportunity to appreciate India's rich agricultural heritage, the incredible diversity of mango varieties, and the centuries-old traditions associated with the country's most loved summer fruit. Whether you prefer Alphonso, Dussehri, Langra, or Chausa, every mango has its own unique flavour—and often, an interesting story behind its name.