Cough is a common issue in children, and parents often resort to giving cough syrups, sometimes without consulting a doctor. However, this practice can be risky, especially for children under five years of age. Recent incidents have highlighted the safety concerns related to cough syrup use in young children. Experts like Dr. Rakesh Kumar Bagdi, former Pediatric Head at Delhi AIIMS, and Dr. Jugal Kishore, Professor at Safdarjung Hospital, provide crucial guidance on this matter.

Why Do Children Cough?

Children cough for various reasons, including viral infections, allergies, and consumption of cold foods. The change in weather activates viruses that enter the respiratory tract, causing coughing. Eating cold items like ice cream can also trigger a cough.

What to Do When a Child Has a Cough?

Avoid giving cough syrup immediately. Instead, start with steam inhalation to loosen mucus for easier breathing. Applying a warm cloth or light muffler on the child’s throat, protecting them from dust and smoke, and avoiding polluted places can help. If the cough lasts beyond 5-7 days with fever or breathing difficulty, consult a doctor promptly.

Why Should Children Under 5 Avoid Cough Syrup?

According to WHO guidelines, cough syrups are not recommended for children below five years. They can be harmful and cause more problems than benefits. Many coughs resolve on their own, and prolonged symptoms should only be treated under medical supervision.

Risks of Taking Cough Syrup Without Doctor’s Advice

Different cough syrups target dry or phlegmy coughs specifically. Using the wrong type can worsen the condition and cause side effects like drowsiness, dizziness, and even damage to the liver or kidneys. Never give medication without a doctor’s prescription.

Safe and Effective Home Remedies

For mild coughs, give the child frequent sips of lukewarm water to soothe the throat. Children over one year can be given half a teaspoon of honey and a small piece of ginger to relieve sore throat and coughing. These treatments should be tried for no more than two days; continued symptoms warrant a doctor’s visit.