Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women globally, and India too sees lakhs of new cases every year. According to the World Health Organization, 1 in 8 women is at risk of developing it during her lifetime. Most people believe that a lump in the breast is the primary warning sign. But doctors warn that breast cancer can occur even without a lump – and ignoring other symptoms can be dangerous.

Why Breast Cancer Happens

Breast cancer develops when breast cells begin to grow abnormally and form tumors. If untreated, it can spread through lymph nodes to vital organs like the liver, lungs, bones, and brain. Risk factors include genetics, hormonal imbalance, obesity, late motherhood, not breastfeeding, and unhealthy lifestyle choices.

Can Breast Cancer Occur Without a Lump?

Yes. Dr. Saloni Chaddha, gynecologist at Safdarjung Hospital, explains that while a lump is a common sign, it’s not always present. Many women delay checkups assuming “no lump means no cancer,” which can be a fatal mistake.

Other warning symptoms to look out for include:

• Shrinkage, dimpling, or pitting of breast skin

• Abnormal discharge from the nipple

• Sudden change in breast size or shape

• Persistent pain, burning, or heaviness in the breast

• Nipple turning inward

• Swelling near the armpit or collarbone

If these symptoms persist, timely consultation with a doctor is critical. Detecting breast cancer early makes treatment easier and more successful.

How to Protect Yourself

• Do regular self-breast examinations

• After age 40, go for periodic mammography

• Maintain a healthy diet and exercise daily

• Avoid smoking and alcohol

• Limit long-term use of hormonal medicines

• If you have a family history of cancer, schedule regular screenings