Indian Railways is increasingly turning to artificial intelligence and advanced technology to improve railway safety. One of the major technologies being deployed across the network is Kavach, an indigenous automatic train protection system designed to reduce the risk of collisions and other accidents caused by human error.

The system is being expanded across more railway routes as part of the government's broader effort to modernise train operations and strengthen passenger safety.

How Does Kavach Work?

Kavach continuously monitors train movement and communicates with signalling equipment installed along the railway network.

If the system detects a situation in which a train is travelling too fast or is approaching a danger signal, it can alert the locomotive pilot. If the pilot fails to respond appropriately, the system can automatically apply the brakes.

This provides an additional layer of protection beyond the actions of the train crew.

What Happens If a Driver Misses a Red Signal?

Missing a red signal can be extremely dangerous, particularly on busy railway routes.

Kavach is designed to detect such situations and provide warnings to the locomotive pilot. When necessary, the system can intervene and apply the brakes automatically.

The technology is therefore intended to act as a safety backup rather than replace the train driver.

Technology Can Also Help Prevent Overspeeding

Another important function is speed monitoring.

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