Arthritis is a condition that causes inflammation in the joints, leading to pain, stiffness, and swelling. While it can occur at any age, people over 40, women, and those with a family history are more prone to developing it. The two most common forms are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. If not addressed in time, arthritis can severely affect mobility and overall quality of life.
Several factors can cause arthritis, including aging, excessive strain on joints, past injuries, calcium deficiency, obesity, and autoimmune disorders. In rheumatoid arthritis, the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own joints, resulting in inflammation and pain. Osteoarthritis, on the other hand, occurs due to the gradual wearing away of the cartilage that cushions the bones. People who carry heavy loads, sit incorrectly, or stay in one position for long hours are at a higher risk. If left untreated, joint stiffness can become permanent, making movement and daily tasks difficult.
According to Dr. L.H. Ghotekar from Lady Hardinge Hospital, arthritis often starts with mild joint pain and stiffness that gradually increase over time. Early warning signs include heaviness, swelling, or stiffness in the knees, fingers, or waist—especially after waking up in the morning. Osteoarthritis mainly affects the knees, hips, and spine, causing pain and trouble walking. In rheumatoid arthritis, both sides of the body are usually affected, such as both wrists or both knees, along with redness and warmth in the joints. Pain and swelling also tend to worsen during cold weather or when the temperature changes. Ignoring these symptoms can make the condition worse, so early medical consultation is important.
To prevent arthritis, maintaining joint health is key. Incorporate light exercise or yoga into your daily routine to keep joints flexible. Maintain a healthy weight to reduce strain on your bones. Include foods rich in calcium and vitamin D in your diet, and avoid sitting in one position for too long. During winter, keep your joints warm to prevent stiffness. If you experience persistent pain or swelling, seek medical advice promptly. Also, cut down on fried and junk food to reduce inflammation and support overall joint health.
