Heart Attack in Winter: How to Protect Yourself? Keep Blood Pressure Under Control

Winter brings a drop in temperature, often accompanied by a rise in blood pressure, increasing the risk of heart attacks. For most adults, normal blood pressure is below 120/80 mmHg, where the first number represents systolic pressure (arterial pressure during heartbeats) and the second is diastolic pressure (pressure between heartbeats).

Why Winter Increases Heart Attack Risk?

1. Vasoconstriction:
   In cold weather, blood vessels constrict to preserve body temperature. This forces the heart to work harder to pump blood, raising the risk of heart attacks.

2. Co-morbidities Among Indians:
   Factors like obesity, diabetes, cholesterol issues, and genetic predispositions exacerbate the rise in blood pressure, making it essential to maintain readings within or below normal limits.

3. Stress and Lifestyle Changes:
   Holidays can be stressful due to disrupted routines, increased alcohol consumption, and lack of sleep. Stress is a significant contributor to heart attack risk.

4. Physical Strain:
   Winter tasks such as shoveling snow increase the risk of heart attacks, especially for individuals with pre-existing heart conditions. Limited sunlight during winters can lead to Vitamin D deficiency, associated with arterial inflammation.

5. Unhealthy Diet:
   Festive indulgences in sugary, fatty, and alcoholic foods increase cortisol fluctuations, which can make platelets sticky, promoting blood clots.

6. Angina and Worsening Symptoms:
   Chest pain from conditions like coronary heart disease may worsen during winters.

Preventive Measures to Avoid Heart Attacks in Winter

• Monitor Blood Pressure Regularly: Ensure your blood pressure stays below 120/80 mmHg.
• Stay Warm: Dress in layers to keep your body warm and avoid unnecessary strain on your heart.
• Exercise Indoors: Engage in regular, moderate exercise in a controlled environment.
• Maintain a Healthy Diet: Include heart-friendly foods like fresh fruits, vegetables, and whole grains while limiting sugar and fats.
• Stay Hydrated: Even in winter, dehydration can strain the heart.
• Limit Alcohol: Avoid excessive alcohol consumption during holidays.
• Get Sunlight: Try to spend time in the sun to maintain adequate Vitamin D levels.
• Seek Medical Advice: If you experience chest pain, shortness of breath, or fatigue, consult a doctor immediately.

Recognize Symptoms Early

Symptoms like chest pain, tightness, or discomfort, especially during physical activity or cold exposure, warrant immediate medical attention. Being proactive can help save lives.